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M gene analysis of atypical strains of feline and canine coronavirus circulating in an Austrian animal shelter

¹ Clinical Virology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria

Correspondence: Correspondence to Professor Möstl

Coronavirus-positive samples of faeces collected in an Austrian animal shelter from 12 cats and 10 dogs were analysed by reverse transcriptase-PCR with primers amplifying a segment of the M protein gene, and by sequence analysis. In addition, the samples were subjected to S gene typing, using primers that differentiated between feline coronavirus (FCOV) types I and II. A phylogenetic analysis of the M gene sequences revealed not only clearly segregating canine coronavirus (CCOV) in the dogs, typical CCOV sequences and the recently described FCOV-like CCOV, but also at least two genetic clusters of FCOV in the cats, one species-specific, the other more closely related to FCOV-like CCOV. The M gene sequences of these new feline strains had at most 88 per cent identity with the FCOV-like CCOV strain 259/01 and only up to 85 per cent with any FCOV sequence available in GenBank. In the phylogenetic tree they occupy an intermediate position between feline and canine coronaviruses.

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